Every casino facility in MN is operated by a Native American Tribe. According to the terms of the compact between the state and the tribes, the minimum and maximum payouts for casinos in Minnesota are regulated as follows: video poker and video blackjack - 83% to 98%.

• Do You Have To Be Indian To Own A Casino
• Do You Have To Be Indian To Own A Casino Slot Machines

Use the links below to see FAQs by category.

If you do require mobility assistance please contact: 909.864.5050 X2837 Are there ATMs available at San Manuel Casino? Yes, we have over 60 ATMs and CDUs (Cash Dispensing Units) conveniently located throughout the Casino. Can I cash a personal check at the Casino? Customers can cash personal checks, but will be charged additional fees. The issue legally falls under local jurisdiction. The federal government deliberately decided to allow casinos on Indian Reservations several decades ago to allow the tribes an income stream not tied to the impoverished lands of the reservations.

How do I appeal a notice of violation, order of temporary closure, proposed civil fine assessment, the Chair’s decision to void or modify a management contract, the Commission’s proposal to remove a certificate of self-regulation, or a notice of late fees and late fee assessment, if I want a decision on written submissions only, without a hearing?

A tribe or the recipient of the action that is the subject of the appeal may file a notice of appeal within 30 days after service of the action. The notice of appeal must reference the action or decision from which the appeal is taken, shall include a written waiver of the right to an oral hearing before a presiding official and an election to have the matter determined by the Commission solely on the basis of written submissions, and should be mailed to the address identified in the action. Copies of the notice of appeal must be filed personally or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested. Service of copies of all documents is complete at the time of personal service or, if service is made by mail, facsimile, or email, upon transmittal.

Although it may extend other deadlines in the appellate process, the Commission may not extend the time for filing a notice of appeal.

Additional rules, including those that govern the filing of an appeal brief, are found at 25 C.F.R. §§ 580-581 and 585.

How do I appeal a notice of violation, an order of temporary closure order, a proposed civil fine assessment, the Chair’s decision to void or modify a management contract, the Commission’s proposal to remove a certificate of self-regulation, and a notice of late fees and late fee assessment, if I want a hearing before a presiding official?

A tribe or the recipient of the action that is the subject of the appeal may file a notice of appeal within 30 days after service of the action. The notice of appeal must reference the action or decision from which the appeal is taken, and should be mailed to the address identified in the action. Copies of the notice of appeal must be filed personally or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested. Service of copies of all documents is complete at the time of personal service or, if service is made by mail, facsimile, or email, upon transmittal.

Although it may extend other deadlines in the appellate process, the Commission may not extend the time for filing a notice of appeal.

Additional rules, including those that govern the filing of a list of proposed witnesses, the nature of their testimony, and an appeal brief, all of which are due within 10 days of the notice filing; and rules on the hearing process, are found at 25 C.F.R. §§ 580-581 and 584.

A tribe may file a notice of appeal within 30 days after the Chair serves a disapproval letter. The notice of appeal must reference the disapproval, and should be mailed to the address identified in the disapproval letter. Copies of the notice of appeal shall be filed personally or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested. Service of copies of all documents is complete at the time of personal service or, if service is made by mail, facsimile, or email, upon transmittal. Although it may extend other deadlines in the appellate process, the Commission may not extend the time for filing a notice of appeal.

Additional rules, including those governing the filing on an appeal brief, are found at 25 C.F.R. §§ 580-582.

The NIGC submits fingerprints to the FBI on behalf of tribes, tribal regulatory authorities and tribal gaming facilities. See Fingerprint Processing.

State governments have no control or authority over Indian tribes unless specifically authorized by Congress.

Federal recognition means a group of Indians has been recognized as a tribe and the interactions between the tribe and the Federal Government are on a government-to-government basis. Inclusion on the list of federally recognized tribes entitles a tribe to special services and benefits. The Department of the Interior maintains this list. Federal recognition can be a result of historical continued existence, Executive Order, congressional legislation, or the Department of the Interior's Federal acknowledgment process. Federal recognition is typically a requirement of being eligible for federal aid or funding. The Federal Government has broad powers in dealing with tribes; however, the powers are subject to constitutional restrictions.

Filings of tribal gaming operation’s financial statements, management letters and Agreed Upon Procedure reports can be submitted electronically to financiaIs_AUPfilings@nigc.gov or two hard copies can be sent to the main office in Washington, DC at NIGC Division of Finance, c/o Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street NW, Mail Stop #1621, Washington, DC 20240.

Do You Have To Be Indian To Own A Casino

IGRA requires that all tribal gaming ordinances contain a provision requiring that tribes maintain the sole proprietary interest in and responsibility for its gaming activity. See Declination Letters.

Upon the execution of a management contract, a tribe or management contractor must submit the contract to the Chair for review and approval. No action should be taken under a management contract until it has been approved. Moreover, management contracts that have not been approved are void. If a tribe or contractor is uncertain whether a gaming-related contract, such as a development, lease, or consulting agreement, requires the approval of the NIGC Chair, they should submit the contract to the NIGC. The NIGC will review each submission and determine whether it requires the Chair's approval. If it does, the NIGC will notify the tribe or contractor to formally submit the contract. See How to request a legal opinion.

In IGRA[OS1] , Congress included the definition of Class II gaming as follows: bingo; when played in the same location as bingo - pull tabs, lotto, punch boards, tip jars, instant bingo, other games similar to bingo, and non-house banked card games authorized or not explicitly prohibited by the state in which the tribal operation is located. All other games are Class III, except for certain social or traditional forms of gaming. Class III games include, but are not limited to the following: baccarat, chemin de fer, blackjack, slot machines, and electronic or electromechanical facsimiles of any game of chance. The NIGC Office of General Counsel reviews games on request by a tribe or a game developer and issues advisory opinions on whether they are Class II or Class III. See How to request a legal opinion.

IGRA permits tribes to operate gaming on eligible Indian lands as that term is defined in the Act. The definition of Indian lands is not tied to a Tribe’s location in any particular state, but rather to the land’s status as reservation, trust, or restricted fee land and the Tribe’s jurisdiction over the land. It is possible for a tribe to have gaming eligible Indian lands in multiple states. See Indian Lands Opinions.

Do You Have To Be Indian To Own A Casino Slot Machines

IGRA requires tribes to use net gaming revenues only for specific purposes. In addition to those purposes, a tribe may elect to directly share gaming revenues with its citizens. This payment is called a “per-capita payment.” If a tribe chooses to make per-capita payments, it must first adopt and submit to the Secretary of the Interior for approval, a revenue allocation plan (RAP). The RAP specifies how the tribe will allocate net gaming revenues as required by IGRA. See Revenue Allocation Plans.

No. Tribes are not required to make per-capita payments and many tribes choose not to.

IGRA requires net revenues from any tribal gaming operation to be used for the following purposes:

• fund tribal government operations or programs
• provide for the general welfare of the Indian tribe and its members
• promote tribal economic development
• donate to charitable organizations
• help fund operations of local government agencies.

If a tribe is able to adequately provide these services and wishes to distribute net revenue in the form of a per capita payment to members of the tribe, the tribe must have a Revenue Allocation Plan, which is approved by the Secretary of the Interior.

Prior to engaging in Class II or Class III gaming, a tribe must submit a gaming ordinance or resolution adopted by its governing body to the NIGC for review and approval by the NIGC Chair. Amendments to gaming ordinances must be submitted within 15 days of adoption by the Tribe.

Tribal-State compacts are agreements that establish the rules to govern the conduct of Class III gaming activities. Although a compact is negotiated between a tribe and a state, the Secretary of the Interior must also approve the compact. See Gaming compacts.

Land into trust is a real estate transaction that converts land from private or individual (fee) title into the federal title. Trust status can only be conferred by an Act of Congress, a court decision or settlement, or, most commonly, through an application through the U.S. Department of Interior.

IGRA requires that Indian gaming occurs on Indian lands. Indian lands include land within the boundaries of a reservation as well as land held in trust or restricted status by the United States on behalf of a tribe or individual, over which a tribe has jurisdiction and exercises governmental power. This would include fee lands that are within the boundaries of the reservation. Tribes operating gaming facilities off of Indian lands are subject to the laws of the state where the facility is located.

1. The tribe must determine whether the state in which the gaming facility is to be located permits such gaming. If the state permits gaming by any person, organization or entity, then tribes are allowed to conduct Class II gaming activities without state approval. If the tribe wishes to conduct Class III gaming, a Tribal-State compact must be negotiated.

2. Indian gaming must be conducted on Indian lands within a tribes’ jurisdiction. Indian lands are defined as all lands within the limits of any Indian reservation and any lands title to which is either held in trust by the United States for the benefit of any Indian tribe or individual or held by any Indian tribe or individual subject to restriction by the United States against alienation and over which an Indian tribe exercises government power.

3. The tribe must submit a tribal gaming ordinance to the Commission. The ordinance must provide, among other things, that: (1) the tribe will have the sole proprietary interest and responsibility for conducting gaming, (2) net revenues will be used for specific purposes, (3) annual outside audits will be conducted, and (4) a process for licensing and conducting background checks is in place. The Chair of the NIGC must approve an ordinance before gaming can occur.

4. If a tribe wishes to have the gaming facility managed by a third party, the Chair must have reviewed and approved a management contract.

Indian tribes are the primary regulators of Indian gaming. The NIGC regulates Class II gaming, as well as aspects of Class III gaming as consistent with IGRA. The regulation of Class III gaming may also be addressed in compacts between tribes and states. The level of state regulation varies by state.

Indian gaming occurs in the following 29 states

The Commission does not specifically approve the opening of Indian gaming facilities. However, before a tribe may operate a gaming facility, the NIGC must have reviewed and approved a tribe's gaming ordinance. A tribe must also license every gaming facility and submit to the NIGC notification that a license will be issued and a copy of any license that is issued. In addition, the land upon which the gaming operation will be located must be Indian land for gaming purposes. Additionally, if a tribe wishes to have management by a third party, the Chair must review and approve the management contract.

The NIGC does not make tribal-specific or state-specific confidential financial information available to the public.

Tribes are the primary regulators of gaming operations. The role of the Commission is necessarily less focused on the day-to-day operation of tribal gaming facilities, and more focused on monitoring, providing technical assistance and training, and supporting the work of tribal gaming regulators. Further, depending on individual Tribal-State compacts, some states may play a regulatory role in Class III Indian gaming operations.

The Commission is solely funded through fees collected from tribal gaming operations under its jurisdiction. The agency bases fees on a percentage of net revenue of Class II and Class III operations. See Annual Fees.

IGRA vested the NIGC with the primary purpose of supporting tribal sovereignty and self-determination, and protection of the integrity of Indian gaming. To carry out that purpose, IGRA gives the NIGC approval authority over management contracts and tribal gaming ordinances, and mandates the Commission to provide training and technical assistance, and enforcement when necessary. Congress also vested the Commission with broad authority to issue regulations in furtherance of the purposes of the IGRA.

There are two typical venues for casinos in the United States – Indian reservations and commercial casinos. Each comes in varying sizes among the groups. There are also differences within the class inside certain states that have different rules for reservations and casinos on state land.

Indian casinos are always located on reservation land. The land often belonged to the tribe for generations. In some instances, Native Americans put the land into a trust and asked for the U.S. Department of Interior to declare the land sovereign to a tribe.

Commercial casinos are located in places specifically approved by the state legislature or voters. In many states, this means on a boat on or near a body of water. Some jurisdictions permit casinos only in tourist areas. This may include historical mountain communities or beaches. Others only permit gambling at racetracks or assign one license to a specific geographical area.

There are two reasons a state may not have any Indian casinos. Some do not have any reservations. The other reason is that the state has not reached a compact with tribes within the border. Georgia and Tennessee are examples of the former. Utah, South Carolina, and Alaska are examples of the latter.

The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act requires one of two situations to occur before a reservation may offer gambling. The type of gambling that the tribe would like to offer must already be legal in the state. In that case, the version of gaming may be spread without limitations or taxes. Examples of this often include bingo or raffles. If a state has legal horseracing or casinos available by commercial licenses, the tribes may also offer this type of gaming.

The other scenario involves a gaming pact with the governor of a state. In this situation, tribes propose a tax rate and set of games they would like permitted. The governor can decide whether or not it may happen. This may require approval by voters or the state legislature. In this situation, tribes often pay taxes to the government because the activity has a monopoly. The state government has the leverage to require this as part of the gaming pact.

USA Casinos – State Laws

For more information about specific gambling laws for each state, visit our State Casino Laws page.

• State Legislation – The differences between the types of games on reservations and at commercial casinos depend on the state. If the state permits commercial casinos, tribes may offer the same games. There are instances where tribal casinos offer more games. California, Washington, Minnesota and North Dakota are examples of this. That is because some card games are legal outside reservations but the Native American tribes created compacts to expand the offerings.
• Game Variations – The most common games added to reservations are slots and video poker. This may include video versions of table games that card clubs cannot spread. In some circumstances, gaming outside reservations is limited to bingo, horseracing, and raffles. In this case, all table games and poker are typically offered on reservation land, assuming a gaming compact has been reached.
• Video Poker Machines – There may be some differences between video poker machines offered on a reservation when compared to commercial casinos. Indian casinos may not spread typical class II machines that are commonly found in Nevada, Atlantic City, and regional commercial gaming markets. Some Indian casinos that have internal regulators may opt to offer class III machines. These may not be totally random when it comes to cards and numbers.This means that the cards or symbols dealt to players does not resemble a true deck or whatever it is meant to represent. The machine has a level it is set to return and does so. A player that is dealt four of a kind could discard it and receive four of a kind on the current hand or next one to help maintain the set payout on these devices. This is also common in backroom casinos in truck stops and bars. This is why one may find unusual video poker and real money keno machines on a reservation that are not carried by commercial casinos.
• Payouts – The payouts at tribal casinos are not necessarily the same as commercial ones, even between those located in close proximity. Different reservation casinos may also offer different payouts. This can vary due to the rules of the game. For example, one casino may hit soft 17 at blackjack and another could stand on it. Video poker pay tables may be different. Some may use class II machines, even if they are not required to do so. Others may choose to spread class III devices to lower variance.

Each Indian casino’s management team is different. The tribe is typically the sole beneficiary of the profits, however, this is not always the case. Some large tribal casinos opt to enter into management contracts with experienced commercial gaming operators. Examples of these types of companies include Caesars Entertainment with casinos like Harrah’s Cherokee and Station Casinos like the Graton Resort & Casino.

Tribal casinos and commercial casinos can vary greatly in size. Some may be no larger than a convenience store or bar. Others may be lavish resorts with full amenities. There are typically no state laws that restrict the size of a tribal casino or resort. The large ones tend to be in heavily populated areas. Rural casinos are often on the smaller size, especially if there is competition. In rare occasions, a casino may not be permitted to build a hotel if there are already enough rooms in the local market when it is developed. This restriction is never found at tribal casinos.

Native American casinos often use branding that is related to the tribe. This may include the name of the tribe or a part of its culture. Casinos and connected hotels may offer a museum of sorts to tell its rich history. There may also be some games within the casino that share this type of branding.